When it comes to higher education in Japan, one of the most important factors in determining which university a student can attend is their 偏差値 (hensa-chi) score. This score, which is based on a student’s performance on the national university entrance exam, can have a significant impact on a student’s future prospects.
What is 偏差値?
偏差値, or “deviation value,” is a statistical measure that is used to rank students based on their performance on the university entrance exam. The score is calculated based on the average score of all students who took the exam, with a standard deviation of 10 points.
For example, if the average score for a particular exam is 60, and the standard deviation is 10 points, a student who scored 70 would have a 偏差値 of 70-60=10. A student who scored 80 would have a 偏差値 of 80-60=20, and so on.
How is 偏差値 used?
In Japan, universities and colleges use 偏差値 as a way to rank and select students for admission. Generally speaking, the higher a student’s 偏差値, the more prestigious the university they can attend.
For example, the University of Tokyo, one of Japan’s most prestigious universities, typically requires a 偏差値 of around 75-80 for admission. On the other hand, less prestigious universities may accept students with 偏差値 scores in the 50s or 60s.
How is 偏差値 calculated?
偏差値 is calculated using a standard formula that takes into account a student’s raw score on each section of the university entrance exam. The formula is as follows:
偏差値 = 10 x (raw score – average score) ÷ standard deviation
For example, if the average score for the math section of the exam is 60, and the standard deviation is 10 points, a student who scored 80 on the math section would have a 偏差値 of 20:
偏差値 = 10 x (80 – 60) ÷ 10 = 20
How important is 偏差値?
In Japan, 偏差値 is a very important factor in determining a student’s future prospects. Students who score high on the university entrance exam and attend prestigious universities are often seen as having better career prospects and social status.
However, it’s important to note that 偏差値 is not the only factor that universities consider when selecting students for admission. Other factors, such as extracurricular activities, personal essays, and interviews, can also play a role in the admission process.
How can students improve their 偏差値?
There are a number of strategies that students can use to improve their 偏差値. One of the most important is to study hard and prepare thoroughly for the university entrance exam.
Many students in Japan attend cram schools, or juku, to help them prepare for the exam. These schools offer intensive study programs that cover all of the subjects that are tested on the exam, as well as test-taking strategies and tips.
Additionally, students can also work on improving their study habits and time management skills, as well as seeking out resources such as practice exams and study guides.
What are some common misconceptions about 偏差値?
Despite its importance in the Japanese education system, there are a number of misconceptions about 偏差値. One of the most common is that it is a measure of a student’s intelligence or potential.
In reality, 偏差値 is simply a measure of a student’s performance on the university entrance exam, which is just one aspect of their academic abilities and potential. Additionally, other factors such as creativity, critical thinking skills, and interpersonal skills are also important for success in higher education and beyond.
Conclusion
偏差値 is an important score that is used to rank and select students for admission to universities in Japan. While it is not the only factor that universities consider, it can have a significant impact on a student’s future prospects. By understanding how 偏差値 is calculated and how it is used, students can work to improve their scores and increase their chances of being admitted to their desired universities.
